Jallikattu is a centuries-old Tamil harvest festival sport held during Pongal (especially Mattu Pongal in mid-January). Rooted in agrarian culture and temple traditions, it celebrates courage, cattle pride, and community. Events are organized under district administration with barricaded arenas, veterinary checks, and safety protocols for participants, bulls, and spectators.

Base yourself in Madurai and day-trip to Alanganallur/Avaniapuram/Palamedu around Jan 14–17 for the most renowned runs. Arrive early for vantage spots in permitted enclosures, dress for sun and dust, carry water, and follow police/volunteer guidance; photography is usually allowed from spectator zones (drones often restricted). Expect festive village streets, temple rituals, food stalls, and a charged yet community-minded atmosphere an intense cultural window best experienced with local guides and respect for rules and animal welfare.